Overview of software engineering principles, objectives, and software lifecycle concepts.
Software process models including waterfall, incremental, and spiral models.
Agile methods and practices such as Scrum and Extreme Programming (XP).
Techniques for gathering, analyzing, specifying, and managing software requirements.
Use of UML and other modeling techniques to represent system components and behavior.
Architectural styles, patterns, and system organization techniques.
Detailed software design, coding practices, and implementation strategies.
Testing levels, techniques, strategies, and tools for quality assurance.
Maintenance, reengineering, and evolution of software systems post-deployment.
Project management practices including planning, estimation, and team organization.